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"The basic purpose of the networked air defense command system is to use mature radar technology and computer network technology to establish a complete long-range early warning line to ensure that no matter what invasion route the US bombers and high-altitude reconnaissance planes take."
The SAGE (Semi-Automatic Ground Air Defense System) of the North American Aerospace Defense Command is actually starting to demonstrate and develop at this moment...
Tang Hua doesn't know why SAGE was nicknamed "Sage System", but now the United States should have come up with Whirlwind-1, and after "Project Charles" and "Project Lincoln", the North American Aerospace Defense Command will be in 1957. Try running the "Sage System".
SAGE is considered to be the ancestor of the computer Internet and the prototype of Skynet in "Terminator".
But in this time and space, when later generations wrote history books, the ancestor of the computer Internet must be the three-headed computer communication network of Beijing-Jiaohe-Zhisi.
"The ultimate development goal of the networked air defense command system is to establish 7 air defense headquarters and 35 divisional headquarters in our country to integrate the air defense of the seven regions of Northeast China, North China, East China, Southeast China, South China, Southwest China, and Northwest China respectively. information; the data of the seven air defense commands was transmitted to the air defense center in Beijing.”
"Each Air Defense Command has an Operations Center and each Sector Command has a Guidance Center."
"The guidance center and operations center are the core parts of the networked air defense command system, where the processing of air situation data, situation assessment, and generation of guidance instructions are all completed. The peripheral facilities are mainly from air situation radar, early warning aircraft and radar Air monitoring platforms such as sentinels collect information and send instructions to weapon systems, and communicate with adjacent guidance centers to transmit relay data and other communication facilities.”
"In this system, the data processing computer of the combat center and the guidance center computer play the role of the nerve center, and the transmission of information is composed of computer network equipment and dedicated lines for the national defense computer network."
"In the radar network of this system, the information obtained by each radar station must be transmitted to the combat situation center, which will then process it again. Basically, the processing of radar information is divided into three stages; The information in the scanning cycle is processed, mainly including determining the existence of the target, the coordinates and other parameters of the recording target include; size, number of frames, discovery time and numbering them; secondary processing, within several scanning cycles of a single radar station The processing of the information includes target recognition, determining whether the signal is the same target, and establishing the target track, calculating and storing motion parameters, and inferring the future motion status of the target; the above two times are carried out at the radar station, and the last processing Comprehensive processing by the operations center."
……
"Is it possible to think that the function of this system is that any aircraft that invades our country's airspace will be detected by radar, and the radar will automatically report and analyze the detected enemy aircraft, and then let the commander of the regional headquarters decide whether to It's not sending fighter jets to intercept it." Liu Yelou asked.
Tang Hua: "In addition to fighter jets, the Air Force may also be equipped with medium-to-high-altitude long-range air defense missiles in the future. It is not the S-25 that North Korea bought from the Soviet Union. It will be better than the S-25. At that time, the air defense missile positions will also be connected to the network. A modernized air defense command system, the divisional commander or Commander Liu personally orders the interception of enemy planes."
Liu Yelou: "I just don't understand why the Hongqi-2 belongs to the army now, with a range of 20 kilometers and a height of 2000 meters. If the air force is equipped with it, then the air defense will be more sure."
Tang Hua: "Hongqi-2...the problem with it is that it is very difficult to access the network. It is mobile all the time. The whole system is only three or five trucks, stop and go, and cannot access the Internet. But it can also make some Hongqi- 2 is fixedly deployed in some places, if Commander Liu thinks there is a special need, he can coordinate with Nie Shuai."
Nie Shuai: "If the Air Force thinks that the Hongqi-2 can be used, it can also equip some of the air force. But now the United States has more and more high-flying aircraft. In the past, we used the A-26 and B-29. These bombers can But now the B-52 that the United States is testing is flying at a higher altitude, and the Hongqi-2 is no longer easy to fight.”
……
USA, Palmdale, California.
This is Skunk Works (the officially sanctioned moniker for Lockheed's advanced development program).
The reason why it is called the Skunk Works is because the Lockheed company's factory-research laboratory is adjacent to a foul-smelling plastic factory. Employees have to wear gas masks for civil defense to work, so they gave their factory a self-deprecating nickname. .
现在的臭鼬工厂只是小有名气，研制了P-38、划时代的P-80（F-80）、XF-90验证机，正在研制F-104超音速战斗机。1953年5月，臭鼬工厂接了一个美国空军的新合同。
"The Soviet anti-aircraft missiles on the Korean battlefield have obviously made the U.S. Air Force feel helpless," said Major General Buffalo from the Air Force. Countermeasure systems, but this is not the main way to deal with it. Our focus is to develop strategic bombers and reconnaissance aircraft that can fly higher than anti-aircraft missiles."
"The contract awarded to Lockheed is a high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft. Our performance requirements for it are very simple: first, the normal flight altitude must be greater than the firing altitude of Soviet anti-aircraft missiles, that is, greater than 20000 meters, preferably 24000 meters .Second, it has a strategic range for reconnaissance from countries near the Soviet Union to the east of the Urals."
"So far, no aircraft has been able to fly to 5 feet," said the chief engineer of Skunk Works. "20000 meters is 6 feet. This is an almost impossible task."
Buffalo: "So I awarded the contract to you. Skunk Works is said to be very good at performing miracles. There is also an additional condition. The development cycle for high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft is not long, a total of 36 months. May 1956 In September, the first high-altitude surveillance aircraft must enter service with the U.S. Air Force."
Chief Engineer: ...
"Lockheed's CEO didn't reject the contract, so you have no other choice." Buffalo emphasized the engineer's desperate expression.
"General, if after 5 or 10 years, the firing height of Soviet anti-aircraft missiles reaches 3 meters, what should the Air Force do? What should we do?"
"Then Lockheed will get a new contract to develop a super reconnaissance aircraft with a flying altitude of more than 3 meters."
……
Beijing.
"In addition to anti-aircraft missiles, emergency interception of fighter jets is also a must. The B-52 bomber will be the main target of our large-scale air defense in the next few years. In normal times, the aircraft sent by the Americans should be at an altitude of 15000 meters. Even higher reconnaissance aircraft." Seeing that Nie Shuai mentioned the B-52, Tang Hua also added a few sentences, "Also, it should be noted that the United States may develop a new anti-aircraft missile that can restrain the S-25 missile. A generation of reconnaissance aircraft."
Chapter 79, The Incident of the Return of Prisoners of War
Thus began the preliminary preparations for the Air Force's future Asia-Pacific Air Defense Command.
Both Liu Yelou and the Air Force noticed the trend that aircraft would fly higher and higher, and began to rush to get their own long-range anti-aircraft missiles.this is correct.
But of course China does not want the S-25 now, but has to wait for the S-75 (Sam-2).
话说回来，S-75对付U-2还是稍显勉强。U-2最大平飞高度24000米，通常在21000米飞行，而S-75的最大射高是25000米。
The maximum shooting height of 25000 meters does not mean that U-2 will definitely be shot down if it enters the effective range of S-75.
S-75的最大射程是40公里，这个意思是它可以击中40公里外、3000米左右高度的目标。但是S-75无法击中距离40公里、高度24公里的U-2。
Missile climbing is to consume fuel to convert kinetic energy into potential energy...
When our army fought U-2, we found that if the S-75 missile was to fly to a height of 22 kilometers, the range would only be about 20 kilometers.The anti-aircraft missile unit of our army has to drive around on the road, bet on the flight path of the U-2, and fight ground-to-air ambushes.
Therefore, after the appearance of the S-75, the Soviet Union also developed a huge S-200 (Sam-5), in order to intercept targets above 20000 meters, and the missile still has a range of hundreds of kilometers.The United States also developed similar giant anti-aircraft missiles in the late 50s.
But to fight the U-2 and later the SR-71 is still waiting for everything to be ready. First, squat a wave of S-75 missiles, get the rocket engine and large booster technology, and it will be easy to make any large missiles in the future.
……
"Although we are starting to build the networked air defense command system in advance, the delivery of the core parts, namely the computer and radar-computer data linkage system, will be delayed." Tang Hua finally said.
Liu Yelou: "Do you need several models of new special-purpose computers, so the development will take some time?"
唐华：“确实是要新研制几种型号的计算机……而且在今年10月份之前无法开启研制工作。所以计算机系统的交付时间可能是1954年的4到6月，也就是整整一年。但是你们到那时候看到的将是一种前所未有的计算机系统，领先世界其他国家10到15年。”
"Oh—" Liu Yelou drew a long tone.
Tang Hua has done this before, and Liu Yelou is no stranger to it.And every time Tang Hua took a big breath, what he took out was something incredible.Therefore, Liu Yelou felt that there was no need to get to the bottom of it.
……
"The United States has not closed the exit channel for Chinese students studying abroad? It's incredible."
On April 4, when the Taiwan campaign started, we were actually prepared to tear ourselves apart from the United States, and even made a plan for the worst case—after the signing of the Korean armistice agreement, our army’s garrison troops in the demilitarized zone withdrew. 12 kilometers, but the hundreds of thousands of ground troops further behind are all on the highest alert, ready to deal with the United States tearing up the armistice agreement and fighting again in North Korea.
Yet the United States did not resume war in North Korea.
Even the agreement on allowing Chinese students studying abroad and working in the United States to leave the country reached during the secret talks between the two countries in Hong Kong, the United States has not completely canceled it.The air route from the United States to China has been cut off, but the Chinese in the United States can leave the United States to Europe and South America... Doesn’t that mean they can still return to China?It's just that the travel is a little more expensive.
"Mr. Tang, you know the specific reason," said Lin Mohan, deputy head of the Central Propaganda Department, with a smile. In the torrent of modernization. It just so happens that our embassy in the United States has not been seized, so the embassy came forward to buy the advertisement space in major newspapers in the United States and publish it."
Tang Hua took the first draft of the "Appeal" and read it from the beginning.
"Vice Minister Lin, my idea is this," Tang Hua rolled his eyes and came up with an idea, "If we publish the appeal letter, we only need to publish the English version, and we don't need to be bilingual in Chinese and English."
Lin Mohan:? ?
"Think about it this way. A Chinese person has gone to the United States and stayed in the United States for many years. If he can't understand English, what is his living condition like?"
"It shows that he...basically has no contact with Americans. He lives in a small Chinese circle like Chinatown."