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"Electronic device box..." The inspector opened a box, "I can see it, a tiny transistor."
Scoville: "Of course I know. No. 3124035, the micro-transistor processing technology patent, should be registered in North America by a company founded by a Chinese. Texas Instruments has been in a four-month lawsuit with that white glove company, and now it has decided to pay for the patent Fee."
"The relationship between China and the United States is now close to normal, which is really a good thing." The inspector kept his hands in his hands, and said in a rambling manner, "Many Chinese technologies and equipment have been available for purchase in recent months. People have business sense and are willing to do business with the US as long as we don't mess with them."
"But we can only buy commercial technology, not weapons," Scoville said, "so the jobs of Lockheed, Raytheon, Marietta are irreplaceable..."
……
three months ago.
"Jack, Texas Instruments has decided to settle with Hongkong Electric, and we will pay Hongkong Electric the patent royalties of the planar technology."
Jack Kilby, an electronic circuit engineer at Texas Instruments, was working in his laboratory when a colleague pushed through the door to tell him about the company's latest developments.
"What? The white glove company won?" Kilby was surprised.
"Yes, HKEC's patent registration time is several months earlier than ours, and they have produced complete patent documents, time evidence and samples. Our legal team cannot refute them."
"Heh, six lawyers with a combined annual salary of 20..." Kilby smiled. Gradually, he couldn't laugh anymore, "Oops."
Five days later, the list of electronic and electrical patents held by Hong Kong Electric Power Co., Ltd., which Kilby entrusted to inquire, arrived by mail.
Open the file bag, the first patent is the planar process of transistors, which is what Texas Instruments just surrendered and paid for.
Etching and oxidation implantation on silicon wafers can process and shape a large board of semiconductor cores at one time, and cut them off to make transistors, and this processing technology can make semiconductor cores with small sizes, that is, micro transistors .
The second patent is based on the development of planar technology and an improved production process. By arranging the position of the core on the silicon wafer, both the cutting package and the insertion pin can be produced by an assembly line machine, eliminating the need for manual production.
The third patent is also based on the development of planar technology, which is called "integrated circuit". After the core of the transistor is processed on the silicon wafer, it will not be cut, because the silicon wafer is etched with a specially designed pattern, and then slightly adjusted the planar process. A circuit containing multiple transistors and other components can be formed.
Fourth...
Fifth...
A series of four patent documents are all products of improvement or innovation on the basis of planar technology, with four development directions.
Kilby threw away the file bag and slumped on the sofa like Ge You.
"Jack, what have you unearthed from Hong Kong Electric's patents?" Kilby's immediate supervisor, Mark Sheppard, came in and asked.
"My job looks like the Chinese have already done it." Kilby pointed to a shelf on the workbench. "That thing."
Sheppard took down a small matchbox from the shelf. It was a small instrument box. In the center was a silicon chip the size of a coin. Six transistors were integrated into the silicon chip, but another part was inserted and soldered above the edge of the silicon chip. Two resistors and a capacitor.
"After the planar technology, Hongkong Electric registered 4 improvement patents, which one will be successful?" Shepard seemed to be talking to himself, "Which of these four patents was registered by Tang Hua?"
Kilby: "The inventors of the four patents are the same, and they all write Tang Hua, Xie Xide, and Huang Kun."
Sheppard: "You must be convinced that 'integrated circuits' are the way of the future, right?"
"Of course, my gut tells me so."
"Then I should probably suggest to the top management to buy a license to use this patent," Sheppard said.
Regardless of whether it is the planar process or the four improved technologies derived from it, Hongkong Electric's offer price is very reasonable, which is why Texas Instruments decisively decided to settle after the legal dispute lasted for three months.Texas Instruments has calculated by itself that if the planar process license is obtained without dispute, and the license fee is deducted, Texas Instruments can earn nearly 100 million dollars more each year.
"Integrated circuits must be the evolution of transistors, and even computers," Kilby said. "Okay, I throw in the towel... That wall should have Tang Hua's portrait, but that might not be politically correct."
On the wall that Kilby is pointing to, there are portraits of Shockley, Bardeen and Bratton, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956. The mainstream view is that the three of them jointly invented the transistor, but in 1956 it was somewhat unorthodox In my opinion, Tang Hua is the fourth major scientist who discovered the transistor.
Kilby couldn't forget Tang Hua, but Tang Hua didn't have hyper-distance symptoms like sneezing.
The preemptive registration of new transistor technology and integrated circuit design was quietly carried out at the end of 1958. In 1959, Tang Hua's focus was no longer on integrated circuits. In October, Tang Hua submitted a series of papers on lasers and laser design to several physics journals of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. These papers published in January 10 would pierce the last window of the laser.
Chapter 252, Blue Desert Rat
People all over the world stumbled into the 60s with hopes for peace and worries about nuclear war.
1959年底，瑞典的智库发表的一份全球安全报告显示，在过去的两年，美国的核弹头数量增长了一倍多。1957年12月只有6400枚，1958年12月9800枚，1959年12月达到15400枚。
The Swedish think tank also predicted with certainty that in December 1960, the total number of nuclear warheads in the United States would exceed 12.
As the Cold War opponent of the United States, the total number of nuclear warheads of the Soviet Union exceeded 1959 for the first time in December 12, increasing from 870 to 1150.Since the nuclear warheads of the United States are still not on the same order of magnitude, the number of nuclear weapons in the Soviet Union is still expanding rapidly.
The report of the Swedish think tank made people all over the world shudder. The United States produced 6000 nuclear warheads within a year, enough to destroy all European cities.When the United States and the Soviet Union stopped nuclear tests last December, some peace organizations still celebrated, saying that this was the "first step" for the United States and the Soviet Union to abolish nuclear weapons. Now this dream has been shattered.
The Cold War and the U.S.-Soviet struggle for hegemony were just wrapped in the skin of "peace race" and "space race".
What is a major event? The nuclear competition between the US and the Soviet Union is a major event that affects the safety of the entire world. As for the conflict between India and China on the roof of the world where the air is thin, for the common people in Europe and the United States, it is really a local conflict That's all.
Only high-level and political elites in Europe and the United States care about the Sino-Indian conflict.Even these elites were shocked by another event on the night of January 1960, 1.
This is France's surprise gift to the world.
……
"Go forward, sons and daughters of the motherland, rise up quickly,"
"A glorious day awaits you!"
"You see the tyrant is on us"
"Lift up the blood-stained flag"
"Raise the blood-stained flag!"
……
The streets of Paris were crowded with people, "Marseillaise" echoed in the streets and alleys, the French tricolor flag was raised on the flagpole, stretched out of the windows on both sides of the street, and waved in the hands of the street parades.
"This is my first speech in the 60s, and I have an exciting message for all citizens."
"At 1960 am on January 1, 1, France's first nuclear weapon was successfully detonated at a nuclear test site deep in the Sahara Desert in Algeria."
"This is the masterpiece of French scientists, workers and engineers, which symbolizes that the top position of French industry and technology in the world is still unshakable."
"The reason why France develops nuclear weapons is to ensure national sovereignty and maintain France's status as a great power on the international stage. France will adhere to an active nuclear defense policy, and France's nuclear weapons will be used for defense rather than offense."
"It is the glory of France to possess nuclear weapons. This is the most powerful sword and shield in the hands of France's 3000 million sons and daughters."
"Long live France!"
De Gaulle's speech was combined with the sudden interruption of radio and TV news reports, and the publicity effect was leveraged. For the first time since the founding of the French Fifth Republic, France entered a state of madness.
……
12 hours ago, the Lagan nuclear test site in Algeria.