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In the Shijiawan Coal Mine in Enshi, Hubei, the mined coal goes through the coal preparation process and is transported to Wuhan by truck.At Wuhan Iron and Steel, the coal is processed into coke before being used to make iron.
In the Wulong Mountains in the south of Wuchang, there are quarries and lime factories, and the quicklime from the burning is transported to Wuhan Iron and Steel by trucks and used as a dephosphorization and sulfur agent in ironmaking.
Large and small barges are also moving along the Yangtze River, some carrying chromium ingots imported from the Soviet Union, and some transporting manganese ore from Shanghai to Wuhan. Nickel ore in Yihua, Hubei is also being mined and smelted on a small scale.
In Wuchang District, Wuhan, the start of construction of WISCO is a major event.Some old citizens still remember the scene when the chimney of Hanyang Iron Works was still smoking more than 20 years ago, but today WISCO's chimney is bigger and taller. Obviously, Wuhan Iron and Steel Works is much more powerful than Hanyang Iron Works.
WISCO's staff quarters were also built in accordance with the standards of Soviet steel factory workers.Residential buildings made of red bricks are connected one after another. The community has been completed a year ago, and workers live in. Single workers live together in multi-person dormitories. Workers who are married and have families can have one or two rooms. There is also a kitchen.
Of course, WISCO also has some differences from the Soviet steel plants.As the third pilot construction of a heavy industry factory area after Shanghai and Chongqing, the "city within a city" that was basically closed is now in a semi-open state.The employment of the family members of the employees (there are very few now, most of the workers are bachelors), the daily consumption of the workers, kindergartens, primary schools, hospitals... all try to coordinate construction with the Wuhan Municipal Government.
The factory will have some guaranteed logistics facilities, such as the canteen, which should be run by itself.
Although the coordination and negotiation between key state-owned enterprises and local governments is cumbersome, it can still move forward.In this period, some cadres may think about egotism and localism, but the negotiation between the two sides does not require the local government to make greater sacrifices unilaterally, but is mutually beneficial—the local government can put forward opinions, A certain drainage pipe has polluted the river in the urban area, can it be connected to another 5 km pipe to discharge downstream, or some facilities interfere with the operation of the city; factories can also express their opinions.
On the other hand, local governments can develop local enterprises—small state-owned enterprises or collective enterprises—by taking advantage of the needs of large local state-owned enterprises.Even if there is no demand, the farmers around the city open up part of the arable land as vegetable fields, and they can actually earn more money growing vegetables than growing grain.
……
On the river between Guishan and Snake Mountain, a 1670-meter-long steel dragon has been lying on the river.
In June 1955, the hoisting of the main girder of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge was completed, and after the main body of the bridge was formed, this neighborhood became a place where citizens often gathered to watch.It took more than three years of construction. The original planned budget was 6 billion (SGD 3 million), and the actual cost was 7200 million yuan. The first railway-road dual-purpose bridge across the main stream of the Yangtze River has reached the final testing stage before opening to traffic.
Konstantin Sergeyevich Sirin watched a test train slowly pass the railway bridge floor on the second floor of the bridge head.
"Pier [-] is fine. Pier [-] is fine. Pier [-] is fine. ... Passed smoothly!"
Xilin and the workers and cadres around him who participated in the design and construction of the bridge applauded together.
"Thank you, thank you comrades." After two years in Wuhan, Xilin has learned a few words of Wuhan-style Mandarin.
"Comrade Xilin, you are the chief designer of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge. Without you, the opening of the bridge may be delayed for many years." Teng Daiyuan shook hands with Xilin and said sincerely.
"First of all, you and the leaders of the industry and construction departments have complete trust in me and my design; secondly, the speed of project planning and implementation efficiency have exceeded expectations; tens of millions of construction workers are with great enthusiasm and are not afraid of hardships and fatigue. Contributed all strength to the completion of the bridge. This bridge is a miracle built by the people of our two countries."
Teng Daiyuan: "Two weeks later, the official opening ceremony of the bridge, the chairman will come to Wuhan in person."
"Comrade Chairman will be delighted to see this majestic engineering miracle."
October 10th is the official opening day of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge.With the passing of today's test, the railway part of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge has been completely completed. On the upper level of the railway, the large structure and roadbed of the highway bridge have already been completed. The final road inspection and the installation of street light railings and other accessories are being done.
……
When Comrade Xilin was looking at the Yangtze River Bridge, two kilometers to the left of his line of sight, a small M-class submarine sailed slowly from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River into Wuhan in a state of surface navigation, and then berthed at the submarine wharf of Wuchang Shipyard.
Given the width and depth of the Wuhan section of the river, not to mention M-class small submarines, R-class medium-sized submarines and even F-class large submarines can easily sail into Wuhan while floating. bend.
But now the M-class sub honestly drives straight and then parks.After the cable was tied, the hatch was opened, and a submarine soldier got out first, and then several engineers and technicians who did not wear military uniforms climbed out of the submarine with hands and feet, tremblingly holding on to the railing and walking to the ground.
When Peng Shilu walked to the ground, he immediately put his hands on his hips, walked to the nearby grass and retched a few times, but he vomited repeatedly in the past two days, and now there is nothing in his stomach to vomit.
"Old Peng, didn't you ride a submarine in the Soviet Union? Why did you faint?" Huang Xuhua asked behind Peng Shilu.
"I was on a submarine as an intern in the Soviet Union, but what kind of submarine did I get on, at least more than 1000 tons, and the largest was a large ocean-going submarine of [-] tons. It is not too rough when it is out on the sea. Our M-class Small submarines, the Soviet Navy doesn’t even need them!”
"I didn't vomit, but I couldn't hold it back anymore, and the smell was all over my body," Huang Xuhua shook his clothes. "According to my experience when I came here, this smell won't go away in two or three days."
Peng Shilu: "I really don't understand why Minister Tang asked the Shipbuilding Industry Bureau to study the blueprints for such a small and difficult-to-use submarine. It is ready to be improved and built. Why do we need this thing?"
"It's not building, it's designing a small submarine plan for future needs." Huang Xuhua said.
In July 1955, Peng Shilu graduated from the Chemical Machinery Department of the Kazan Institute of Chemical Technology. When he returned to Dalian from Kazan in September, he was notified that the design team of the Shipbuilding Industry Bureau was in Dalian, and he was asked to join the design team immediately, and then—— Take the M-class small submarine used by the North Sea Fleet to train the crew, and drive directly from Dalian to Wuhan.
Speaking of which, Peng Shilu only suffered half the trip. The other members of the design team traveled from Wuhan to Shanghai, then to Dalian, and then back to Wuhan in a submarine.
"Welcome, welcome, our Wuchuan Design Institute has added another talent."
Sa Benqi, the factory director of Wuchuan, welcomed this new student studying in the Soviet Union in the factory.
Peng Shilu: "Director Sa, those six people who climbed out with me just now are all the designers of the submarine design institute?"
Sa Benqi smiled and said: "What do you think? The design team went to the submarine to experience, sail, live with the submarine crew, and operate the machinery together. It was the decision made by Minister Tang and Minister Liu together. It is impossible to miss one or two in the factory. Li doesn't go with the submarine."
Peng Shilu: "Seven people can't design a new submarine."
"It's much better than two years ago. At that time, we had a total of 96 people in the whole factory including temporary workers, and zero designers. Now, take a look."
The place Saben Qi pointed at was a brand-new berth with a length of 140 meters. There were already steel components placed on the track. After careful identification, it was found that these components were parts of the submarine.
Peng Shilu: "The Type 633 submarine platform aided by the Soviet Union? Is that the first Type 633 submarine being assembled?"
Huang Xuhua: "When we set off from Wuhan, these submarine components had just been shipped to the ship. They went back and forth, 40 days, and they had already started assembly."
Sabenqi: "Our task now, the shipyard workers and technicians are to learn how to assemble a Type 633 submarine with quality and quantity; you will participate in the process of assembly and construction, and thoroughly understand the drawings of the Type 633 submarine you have seen. Moreover, combined with the actual technology used in the assembly and construction of the submarine, the entire submarine can be traced from top to bottom."
Peng Shilu: "How many Type 633 submarines do we have to assemble in total? Which one should we start to build ourselves?"
Chapter 103, Misty and rainy, the tortoise and snake lock the river
The construction plan of Type 633 (R-class) submarines is very simple: the production line of the single berth of military ships will continue to be built one after another until 1960, and other things will be planned in the future.
The construction period of the first assembled Type 633 submarine left enough time for the personnel and equipment of the shipyard to run in. The berth period was 18 months, and the outfitting period was 10 months.But by 1960, the construction period of the berth was shortened to 12 months, and the outfitting period was 7 months.
也就是到1960年，武船建造潜艇的频率会达到1年1艘。建造速度说起来很吓人，但到1960年底，也就是第5艘潜艇开工、第3艘潜艇交付而已。
"In the past few years, your design department has been the easiest," said Jiang Dajing, deputy director and chief engineer. "If you have time, please help the engineering team of the shipyard. By 1960, all key equipment must be localized. You see Look at how many big guys there are: diesel engines, battery packs, pressure hull steel and pressure hull welding technology, spindles, propellers, sonar, periscopes... torpedoes are not mentioned here."
633型潜艇配8个533毫米鱼雷发射管，前6后2。第一艘633型潜艇1958年4月竣工，鱼雷厂表示躺平，不可能这么快造出国产鱼雷来。
导弹方面，沈阳112B厂表示58年4月保证给你用上潜射型鹰击-2，但是严重吐槽了633型潜艇的声呐：这货侦听全速行驶的往复蒸汽机货船，侦听距离也只有30公里。如果没有其他信息平台提供目标参数，那射程42公里的鹰击-2就被浪费了。
……
On October 10, Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge.
The chairman's special train arrived in Hankou the day before.Of course, the special train did not only take the chairman alone. Tang Hua, Liu Nai, Li Fuchun, and comrades from the Ministry of Communications and the Ministry of Railways went to Wuhan together in a carriage at the back.
In 1953, the chairman visited Wuhan once.At that time, the chairman went straight to the edge of the Yangtze River and saw many "small boats" on the river - small boats that use paddles to move the water to and fro.The chairman has been to Wuhan many times in the 20s, and the current scene is no different from that of more than 20 years ago. This kind of small boat can easily capsize in the rapids of the Yangtze River.
The chairman asked the comrades of the Central South Bureau of the Ministry of Communications, why can't some better motorized ferries be built now? The comrades of the Ministry of Communications said that ordinary people think it is convenient, although it is a bit dangerous, they can walk with their feet.
The Chairman heard this and it seems that the solution to the problem still depends on building bridges.
The opening ceremony of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge on the 24th is a festival for the whole city of Wuhan.The so-called Wuhan City at this time is more appropriate to say that it is the three cities under the jurisdiction of the Wuhan Administrative Office: Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang are separated by the Yangtze River and the Han River. Return - the journey will take all day.
The Beijing-Guangzhou line, the main north-south line of China's railways, did not exist before.The northern part is called the Beijing-Han Railway, and the southern part from Wuhan to Guangzhou is called the Yue-Han Railway.Thanks to the absence of the Yangtze River Bridge, otherwise, when Sun Yat-sen rebelled in Guangdong, he might have been trampled to death by the Beiyang warlords.
……
The opening ceremony began. On the highway deck of the Yangtze River Bridge, three trains of cars and one stream of people slowly ran side by side, driving from one end of the bridge to the other.