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Chief Accountant: "That's why I also came back from Beidaihe ahead of time.... This college road is really worthy of its name now. So many universities and colleges gather together. Among other things, the scene alone is spectacular."
"Yes, the agglomeration effect has formed a scale. However, what I want to see is that these schools will be linked in the future. This is the real purpose of the founding of Xueyuan Road." Tang Hua said, "Hey, Vice Premier Chen, I remembered Something is wrong."
chief accountant:"?"
"Last year, I felt that something was wrong. This year, when I was walking on the college road, I remembered something was wrong. There should be a portrait of the chairman in the school."
"Oh! That's a good idea. It just so happens that the Central Institute of Finance and Economics has a large grassy area at the entrance, which is suitable."
Tang Hua: "I mean, all the universities on College Road should have a chair portrait. The School of Electronics and Information has a good location in front of the main teaching building. The same is true for Beihang University. There is one between the east gate and the main building. For the University of Geosciences, you can arrange the next one as soon as you enter the gate. Statue. Six to seven meters high made of white marble. Oh yes, and the chairman of the Faculty of Liberal Arts seems to have his hands behind his back, and the chairman of the Faculty of Science and Engineering seems to take off his hat and wave it in his hands."
Chief accountant: "You... you... obsessive-compulsive disorder?"
Chapter 98, The Necessary Conditions for the Run to Communism
Chairmanship is a bit early now. Chairmanships seem to have been erected in batches in colleges and universities in 68-69.
But I walked around the campus and didn't see the chairman's portrait, which seemed a little unaccustomed.
It has only been a few months since Huang Kun established the Department of Microelectronics at Beijing Institute of Electronics and Information Technology. The first batch of undergraduates from the Department of Microelectronics will report to the school a week later, but the teaching and research section of the Department of Microelectronics has already been established. A few lecturers and teaching assistants came over to do scientific research while preparing.
Tang Hua came to see Huang Kun today to talk about the EDA software being developed in the software center of the Shanghai Institute of Computer Science.
EDA, electronic design automation.
The integration level of X5304 is more than 1000 transistors, and that of X5404 is two thousand.At present, it is still possible to arrange and design transistor by transistor by manpower.But in the future, the integration level of chips will be higher and higher, and there will be more and more transistors. If the manual design is still like this, it will become more and more difficult.
Not only is the efficiency low, but the design cycle will also be longer.If it takes half a year for a group of people to come up with a CPU, it will delay the development of technology.
In the future, when the chip integration level reaches [-] or [-] tubes, it may be time for instruction sets and modular designs to emerge.
T56 intends to use the same set of T55, changing the soup but not the medicine. T57 should be a new generation of processors, although it is enhanced along the direction of the established architecture, but the number of transistors is about doubled.
There is also a principle that the strongest product in the pocket should be released for a period of time. Therefore, before the release of T1957 in February 2, Tang Hua may have to get a 57-micron process production line in early 1956-this set of things was in Changchun in June. It's up and running, and Team X in Beijing is about to receive a set.
Not only from 10 microns to 6 microns, but also from contact to non-contact lithography.
Now the task for the software center of Shanghai Institute of Computer Science is: X5700 series chips must be able to use EDA software to design part of the work.
……
"Minister Tang, to be honest, I can't fault this software. As long as it works, I'm [-]% satisfied." Huang Kun said.
"Hey, Professor Huang, don't be like this, at least you find something wrong, so that everything in Shanghai can be done." Tang Hua laughed.
Historically, Intel 4004 was basically a hand-designed and hand-arranged integrated circuit. By the mid-70s, chip developers from various companies had self-made layout and wiring tools, and then several kinds of circuit design software were born. Commercial software appeared in 1981. EDA software for sale.
EDA software is not a kind of software, but many kinds: hardware description language (HDL); logic simulation tool; logic synthesis and automatic layout and routing system; physical design rule check; circuit diagram layout comparison; chip test program...
Let designers design chips with computers, or in other words, computers design computers.This is much faster than drawing on scratch paper, and inserting a large version of transistors, capacitors, and resistors on a breadboard.And where the circuit is wrong, just click on the virtual run on the computer to find out.
"Okay then," Huang Kun began to find fault, "Look, I made a chip with [-] tubes, and then it crashed."
Chat to death as soon as you open your mouth.
Tang Hua: "The memory space is not enough, and the virtual memory is... not enough. If you want to do a real engineering project, go to the X team's laboratory and use the mainframe, then it will never crash. Put it another way."
Huang Kun: "Then... what are these ordinary general-purpose computers assigned to us for?"
"As a teaching tool for students, it is enough to run a large homework and a small design."
"Let me think about it. Also, use the eight arrow keys on the keyboard to move from one corner of the design to the other. You have to press and hold the arrow keys for a long time. If something suddenly knocks me It would be good if the area to be edited is switched to the other end." Huang Kun said the second improvement suggestion.
When I opened my mouth, I still chatted to death. Didn't this force me to invent a (mechanical) mouse?
Tang Hua sighed, and said: "Then add a manipulation method first, press and hold shift and then press the arrow keys, you can move the editing area/component at four times the speed. Use it for now. As for wanting to completely Solve it, use it completely comfortably, I will think about it after a while."
……
In the office, there was a pile of telegrams from the Soviet State Planning Commission to China.
The telegram the secretary placed on top had the most frightening background.
"Hello Chinese comrades: With the completion of the first phase of the Soviet National Automatic Plan Calculation and Order Distribution System, the Soviet can accurately measure the country's social production and issue accurate planning instructions like never before."
"The Supreme Presidium unanimously believes that the national automatic planning system can be called an engineering miracle that has never been achieved in human history. This will be the most powerful tool and necessary condition for human society to move toward communism. After its birth, communism will truly rising above the horizon."
"China and the Soviet Union occupy the world's leading positions in the fields of nuclear energy and computers respectively, which is a manifestation of the unbreakable alliance of the socialist camp. As Academician Tang Hua, quoted by the Soviet Academy of Sciences, said, the socialist camp seized the three major pillars of the third industrial revolution. Position: nuclear energy, aerospace and computer technology, which is an important guarantee for international competition victory."
"Academician Tang Hua and Academician Leonid Kontorovich are the technical implementers and theoretical implementers of the national automatic planning system. The National Planning and Computer Discussion Conference will be held in June, and two academicians must attend the meeting at the same time."
"Nikita Khrushchev."
"It's all in a mess," Tang Hua murmured even though it seemed to be a telegram of commendation, "Has the Soviet Union surpassed the United States in the field of nuclear weapons? Well, let's not talk about that, the meaning of Khrushchev's words, Is it possible that in the future China will develop computers and the Soviet Union will develop nuclear weapons, and the division of labor will be clear, so China will stop developing nuclear weapons?"
"I don't think so," Zhang Xi said. "You see, the telegram said nuclear energy. Perhaps General Secretary Khrushchev's telegram is all about peaceful development."
Tang Hua: "This explanation makes sense."
In 1954, the Soviet Union built its first nuclear power plant - a nuclear reactor whose main function was to supply power to the Soviet Union's power grid, and scientific research was only a secondary role. This was earlier than the United States and Europe.It's hard to say about nuclear weapons, but nuclear power, now it can really be said that the Soviet Union is ahead of the United States.
The following telegrams are all telegrams related to the national automatic planning system.
In April of this year, 4 T50Ms were installed in the Soviet State Planning Commission.The Soviet Planning Commission prepared several floors of office buildings last year—it was prepared according to the size of a T55 transistor computer. After sending in 54 T50Ms, it would never run out.And when the computer cluster began to process the information of the Soviet State Planning Commission in May, the officials of the Planning Commission were amazed.
按照唐华和康托罗维奇确定的规划，苏联国家计委的全国计算中心安装100台T55M，四个分中心每个中心安装10台T55M，另外还有220台联网的T55终端机。
The reason why the first batch of 50 T55Ms were completed is because the domestic computer production capacity is really not so high...
After the completion of the first phase of the project, the Soviet State Planning Commission used this system to guide the planned production of Moscow State and several surrounding states. In May, June, July, and August, perfect data was obtained, and the execution, accuracy, and timeliness of feedback were obtained. Both exceeded expectations.
……
"From the current data accumulation, the National Computing Center needs more data storage servers. The current national economic data accumulation has exceeded expectations, and the storage server can only store data for 9 to 10 months. The Supreme Presidium believes that it must have The ability to place data in a storage server for a full year instead of going into a tape backup system."
This is a telegram requesting to increase the number of data storage servers.
"Relying on the national telegraph and telephone network for computer communication planning, our Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications believes that the connection of long-distance communication lines is very unstable, and the future computer communication connection between the Vladivostok Center and Moscow is particularly fragile. We remind Chinese comrades to pay attention to this problems so as not to delay the start of the second phase of the project.”
Moscow to Vladivostok?The straight-line distance is more than 6000 kilometers, and the actual detour is nearly [-] kilometers. What do you want to do?
"I would like to ask, after the completion of the third line, does the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications have any plans to build more optical fiber communication lines?"
Tang Hua called Zhu Xuefan.
"The two half-fiber optic communication lines have not been completed yet. The next optical fiber communication line is Beijing-Wuhan-Guangzhou, but it will be later. The engineering strength of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications is not unlimited."
……