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Tang Hua: "But you still have to be careful about Qian Xuesen. His timetable corresponds to the preliminary plan, which was proposed at the end of last year. There may be some advances in the implementation process. The current basic industrial construction is in full swing. , The systematic planning is very good...the support from the basic industry to both of you will become stronger and stronger."

……

"What? The leak?"

The call was from Li Kenong, the head of the Intelligence Department of the General Staff.

"It's not us, it's not the Soviet Union, it's the GDR. Their institutions were infiltrated and a computer was lost."

Tang Hua hurried to the Intelligence Department of the General Staff, where he hadn't been for a few months. What Li Kenong brought back was a report from the Soviet Union.

Ten days ago, the British secret intelligence agency in East Germany carried out a classic spy operation. The daring British spies even directly attacked the East German Ministry of State Security—commonly known as the "Stasi" in Dresden. Work Center, the main cabinet of a T10 computer was stolen from the Work Center.

"The head of the Ministry of State Security of the GDR may be dismissed," said Li Kernong. "The Dresden Institute of Technology also purchased a computer. The computer room is less than 500 meters away from the work center of the Ministry of State Security in Dresden. m. As a result, the British spies directly attacked the work center, which is simply humiliating the intelligence system of the GDR."

Tang Hua: "Maybe the British spies are trying to kill two birds with one stone. They can steal a computer and at the same time obtain the confidential data of the German Ministry of State Security."

Li Kenong: "It's hard to say. The Germans reported to the Soviet Union that the British agents only stole the computer, the tape drive and dozens of data backup tapes in the same room. None of them was stolen. If you want to say that you lost secret data , only tens of K of data in the computer memory.”

Tang Hua: ...

Li Kenong: "Actually, according to me, seeking truth from facts, the actions of the British agents this time were bold and careful, and the whole process was within their calculations from the beginning to the end."

"The professional quality of British intelligence agencies is indeed good, and the completion rate of tasks is no worse than that of Americans."

"I studied this report and made a few conclusions," said Li Kernong. "First of all, the British agents directly targeted the work center of the Ministry of State Security instead of the Dresden Institute of Technology. This move is very clever. It is estimated that The Germans were blacked out. If there is a mistake in the most tightly guarded place, it will be the deadliest. Secondly, they have internal support in the Ministry of National Security, and they use it in the most critical place. The actions of British agents , steal the computer first, and then deliberately show their feet in the work center and pretend to be captured. During the transfer process, their internal agents appeared just right, not only rescued the captured agents, regained the computer, and even got a car linked to the German The truck marked by the Ministry of State Security. This truck carried three people and a computer cabinet, ran all the way from Dresden to Berlin, and then forcibly passed through the customs. The only drawback is that two people were lost during the customs clearance, only one agent Driven to West Berlin in a truck, but that's an acceptable loss for what's been achieved."

MI6 and Mr. Binn didn't know that in the far east, there was a country's intelligence leader holding an overly brief report on the situation, and he admired their action.Binn only knew that he crossed the border between East and West Berlin in a daze. In order to cover the truck he was driving, one of his two partners was killed and the other was captured, but the computer was stolen back.

Mr Binn was in London now receiving his Commander of the Empire, and sneezed twice while it hung on his chest.The T51 computer he stole back, according to the agreement of the British and American intelligence agencies, has been directly on the plane across the Atlantic Ocean and settled in the United States.

……

"...Things have to be better." Tang Hua stayed for a long time, and finally summed up a little clue, "They stole a T51, just a little bit. If they stole a T52, our electronic The trouble is much bigger on the industrial side."

T50 and T51 use second-generation transistors, and T52 and later use third-generation transistors.

The third generation of transistors is not only a matter of smaller size, but except for the first small batch of T52 tubes, the rest are produced by planar processing.If the T52 is stolen and the Americans disassemble the transistors for research, it is possible to find that the core particles of these transistors are cut from a whole silicon wafer.If their intelligence agencies are good at associating, it may be possible to find ways to produce tiny transistors at low cost.

As for T51... On the Korean battlefield, the US military seized walkie-talkies and guided bomb controllers containing second-generation transistors.

The theft of the computer this time will not cause the leakage of the core technology of the transistor, that is, the leakage of the computer design architecture - but the technology of using transistors, resistors, and capacitors to build a computing unit one by one, and then using several computing units to form a system is now outdated up.

"The National Security Council of the Soviet Union was faster than us and has severely criticized the intelligence and security agencies of the GDR," said Li Kernong, "and asked them to temporarily put all the computers in the territory under centralized surveillance until the security measures of all computer rooms were re-examined and strengthened. In addition, the position of the Minister of State Security may not be kept. Oh, the Prime Minister said, once the Soviet Union criticizes it, we have to talk about it again. After all, this is a strategic-level equipment that China sold to Germany.”

Tang Hua: "Does the Prime Minister know about this?"

"As soon as the statement from the Soviet Union arrived, the Prime Minister read it."

Tang Hua: "Then there is one more thing to confirm. This stolen T51 has been confirmed to have been transported to the United States? Didn't the KGB snatch it back halfway or blow up the plane in the Atlantic Ocean?"

"I was thinking, if they can do this, then nothing will happen. But the KGB system in the United States has fed back news that the computer was obtained by the US Air Force laboratory."

Tang Hua slapped his thigh, "Well, since this is the case, it seems that it is indeed irreparable. It's good that this happened, we can still make some money back."

Li Kenong: "?"

"T54, trade in the old for the new." Tang Hua said, his feet had already stepped forward, "I will talk to the Prime Minister about this matter. If the Prime Minister approves it,...we can recover some losses."

……

1954年2月的T54发布会，在接下来的两周收到了40多台计算机的订单，其中有30台是以旧换新。3月和4月的以旧换新订单，旧计算机还没来得及运回来，但2月首批销售时换回来的16台T50和14台T51，已经运了回来，堆在中关村北京计算机所的库房里。

"You have already decided how to refurbish these old computers, right?" Tang Hua asked Zhang Jue.

"Yes, replace some parts that are almost out of service, and put the whole machine in order. When the university starts in September, we can build computer rooms for several universities."

Tang Hua: "The progress of these refurbished machines has been sped up a little bit. They are not for the university to build a computer room in September. It would be best if they can be refurbished within a month or two. As for the refurbishment procedure, you don't need to change it. It's what you said 'replacement'." Some parts whose lifespan is almost unsupported, the whole machine is put up and down'."

……

"Prime Minister, now a T51 has been stolen from the GDR, and it has been completely in the hands of the Americans, so things have changed." Tang Hua said, "The United States must have the ability to imitate and plagiarize, since they will theoretically It is also possible to imitate the production of T51, how about we sell a batch of T50 and T51 computers to Western countries and make a fortune, which can be regarded as a plan to recover losses after the theft in Dresden.”

Prime Minister: "This idea can be tried. Before the United States imitates similar computers, we can seize this time gap and make some money from Western countries. However, the export channels may not be smooth, and we must carefully discuss with the comrades of the Ministry of Foreign Trade. It is estimated that Hong Kong will be used to discuss how to organize sales. How many computers do you estimate can be sold and how much money will they earn?"

Tang Hua: "In terms of quantity, I have calculated that the computers sold can basically meet the needs of the US government and scientific research institutions for computers. This demand is about 60 to 80 units. If they are sold, they will use them within three years. The demand for computers is saturated, and they can also suppress their own computer manufacturing industry. I can buy computers from imported channels, which have good performance and are cheap, so why should I develop them myself?"

"It doesn't matter how much money you earn. ... I mean, we have adopted the old-for-new sales method for T54 computers this year, and it is expected that at least 100 old T50 and T51 computers will be exchanged within half a year. Take these old computers If it is refurbished, it can be sold directly. The money spent on refurbishment should be controlled within 2 RMB. As for the price,... T51 sells for 70 US dollars, and T5050 million US dollars."

Prime Minister: "Cough...you went to the Soviet Union to sell these computers for three years, and earned 50 rubles each. Now you spend tens of thousands of rubles to get them back, spend 2 yuan to refurbish them, and then sell them to the Americans to earn hundreds of thousands of dollars? "

Hearing what the prime minister said, Tang Hua didn't speak, but just grinned.

Chapter 40, I think this computer has a keyboard

U.S. Navy Reserve Lieutenant Commander Grace Murray Hopper walks into the laboratory of Boeing's Electronic Circuits Division.

"I saw that almost all of you present are in Air Force uniforms. Is this a secret project of the Air Force?"

Hearing Hopper's words, everyone present turned their heads.An Air Force colonel said to Hopper with embarrassment: "As it stands, yes. Frankly, we've got a problem. We have to turn to you, ma'am."

Grace Hopper may be the most powerful programmer in the U.S. military now, ranking both male and female.

In 1934, Hopper received a doctorate in mathematics from Yale University, where she was an associate professor at the outbreak of World War II.After the Pearl Harbor incident, Hopper asked to join the army. Because she was too old (35 years old) and a woman, the military advised her to keep her civilian status and participate in military scientific research projects.Hopper insisted on enlisting in the army, entered the rapid training school for naval officers, graduated at the top of his class in 1943 and put on the uniform.

Hopper then joined the U.S. Naval Ordnance Computing Bureau at Harvard University, where there was a Mark 1 large-scale automatic serial number calculator-the prototype of an early computer.Hopper started out as the Mark 1's third programmer, and by the end of World War II she was the head programmer for the Ordnance Computing Bureau.However, in 1946, when the U.S. Navy was disarmed, she also became a reserve officer from an active duty officer. In 1949, she joined Eckert Jr. and John Mauchly's EMCC Computer Company and developed the UNIVAC-1 commercial computer——Remington Lang The German company acquired the patent of UNIVAC-1 through the acquisition of Mauchly's company.

Not long ago, Eckert Jr. and John Mauchly just unanimously decided that Hopper would be the head of the EMCC programming division of Remington Rand Corporation-this sister is too powerful, the two of them can’t compare, or Feel free to be a shareholder and divide the money.

Hopper looked at what everyone had focused on when he first came in - a metal cabinet the size of a wardrobe by the wall.There are three rows of black bars on the top of the metal cabinet, and the logo and the words "T51" are engraved on the lower right.

"It's like this. The CIA obtained it from East Germany not long ago, and after it was shipped back to the United States, it was handed over to Boeing. This is a computer from the socialist camp." Collins, director of Boeing's electronic circuit department, is in this room "We've been working on it for over a week, we've made some progress, but we're missing a lot of key information," he explained to Hopper.

Hopper: "What's the progress so far?"

"We discovered and identified the memory of the computer," the colonel of the air force opened the "drawer" at the bottom of the iron cabinet to show Hopper, "it is a rigid mesh structure woven with small magnetic rings and copper wires. Each piece of mesh can To store 1024 binary numbers, 50 mesh chips are stacked here, which means that its memory capacity has reached 50Kbit.”

Hopper carefully looked at the core memory in front of him.It looks like mosquito screens attached to windows, and the design isn't any brain-twisting, just extremely finely constructed.Hopper was already wondering how many dollars a new generation of Remington Rand computers would cost with this kind of memory.

"The memory is just a piece of equipment in the computer system. The core of the computer is here." The air force colonel pointed to the central part of the iron cabinet. "Now we agree that this computer mainly relies on these components for digital calculations."

The colonel pulled out a T51 arithmetic unit. "These parts above are crystal diodes, these are transistors, and they..."

"I know what they are," said Hopper, pulling out one computing unit, plugging it back in, pulling out another computing unit, plugging it back in, "Shockley and Bardeen had written papers and made samples in the lab. So, this 'cannonball cartridge' is the part used for calculation?"

"Yes." "Is your discovery limited to this?"

Colonel: ...