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"We built a preliminary tectonic model of China in the computer. Then, we also converted the oil-forming theory you proposed into a digital program. The terrestrial theory, subsidence zones, basins, etc., were all described by algorithms. The model was analyzed. Although a supercomputer was used, it ran for more than a day." Tang Hua said to Li Siguang:
"The method of calculating the tectonic model of this kind of software, I call it finite element analysis."
Chapter 38, the process of solving questions according to the answers
In 1963, John Swanson, who graduated with a master's degree, entered the Westinghouse Aerospace Laboratory to work.He found that although the engineers of Westinghouse had computers around them, they used manual calculations when performing finite element analysis, and did not think of using computer assistance to complete.Swanson thought about it himself, intending to develop a general engineering software to perform automated finite element analysis, but Westinghouse rejected John Swanson's idea.
Feeling futile at Westinghouse, Swanson left in 1969 to start a company of his own: Analysis Sys Systems, Inc. (SASI).
In 1970, John Swanson introduced the first generation of finite element analysis software.At that time, SASI was too poor to afford a large-scale computer. After the finite element analysis software was successfully developed, the trial run was run on a computer rented by IBM by the hour.However, SASI immediately succeeded in selling the software back to Westinghouse, earning money from the old owner.
SASI is later ANSYS (Ansi).
Finite element analysis software and integrated circuit design software were two key projects handed over to the Software Center of Shanghai Computer Institute in 1953.Originally, integrated circuit design software was the number one focus, but seeing the rows of tank trucks on the way back home was so stimulating that Tang Hua had to use finite element analysis in advance.
Tang Hua used finite element analysis software to... academic fraud.
Of course, the statement of academic fraud is a bit exaggerated. Tang Hua just got the standard answer, and then selected the problem-solving process according to the answer.
The discipline of geology remains largely unknown until the 21st century.Those who study geology will encounter fields that their supervisors do not know about and the school does not know about when they are doing their master's graduation project.
In the 50s, there were two branches of theories about China's tectonics and oil formation theory. By the 21st century, the number of branches had successfully increased to double digits...
So now that Tang Hua sorts out the books and papers at hand, he can discover several model construction and deduction methods.Even just based on Li Siguang's works from the 30s to the 50s, four analysis methods can be summarized.
Tang Hua tried one method after another, first ran a low-precision calculation with a supercomputer, waited for three or four hours, and looked at the histogram on the map of China after the result came out.When running to the fourth method, the distribution of the histogram and the length of the columns are very consistent with the distribution of several major oil fields in his memory.Tang Hua confirmed on the spot that the fourth method was "very promising".
This is the process of selecting the problem-solving process (that is, the analysis method) according to the correct answer-it should be said that the analysis method selected has a higher probability of being the correct method.
What Tang Hua showed to Li Siguang now was the result of recalculating with high-precision numerical values after selecting the fourth method, which took a full 27 hours.If the model of the Huaxia tectonic system is more refined, the calculation time may be doubled.
"There are pillars indicating that there are oil fields in this area? The pillar in the Songliao Basin is quite tall. Why is there a tall pillar here in Shandong?" Li Siguang looked at the calculation results on the screen and said thoughtfully, "Let me see you What formula was used in the calculation."
Tang Hua sat next to Li Siguang, pulled out the source file, and explained line by line what formulas were used for these calculations and how they were calculated.
"Stop, this is wrong." Li Siguang said.
Tang Hua: "This line? Numerical analysis of basin evolution?"
"Yes. The main purpose of basin simulation is to calculate the amount of resources. Here you have calculated the compaction process of each formation and calculated the amount of hydrocarbon expulsion in the source layer. However, the accumulation of oil and gas cannot be calculated from this. Because How oil is generated by expulsion of hydrocarbons is actually not only related to the compaction process, but also related to buoyancy, which is the so-called buoyancy expulsion of hydrocarbons conjecture. I intuitively feel that this needs to be changed.”
Li Siguang found a pen and wrote down a new formula on paper, "For this part of the calculation, try this formula."
Tang Hua's smile was a little stiff... I still changed this source file according to Li Siguang's formula.
"In this place, the parameters you use are outdated. It seems to be in the book I published in 1934. A new algorithm was proposed in the paper of the Journal of the Geological Society of America in 1947. The parameters should be like this. I Guess you only collect papers related to petroleum, and you didn’t notice this article in the journal. This algorithm is very important, and the people who came up with this idea are very powerful.”
Tang Hua's smile was slightly bitter... But Li Siguang watched from the side, so he obediently changed to the new parameters.
……
It took Li Siguang an hour to re-examine the source document and change three or four places.Either use another formula for calculation, or use new parameters.
"Minister Li, let's run it again and use high-precision values to calculate?"
Li Siguang: "Yes, try to be as accurate as possible."
Tang Hua inspected the source file. After changing a few places in this way, the amount of computation seems to have decreased instead.The specific reduction is not visible visually. The last calculation was 27 hours, and this time it is about 24 hours?
"Minister Li, let's start computing. According to the estimated computing power, it will take about 24 hours to get the results. The computer room is kept running, and the administrator of the computing center will help with maintenance work. We can come back at this time tomorrow. "
The calculation time is not important, the important thing is the result...
This is the main thing that makes Tang Hua feel up and down.
……
"The construction of the Xiangshan uranium mine has started, a single-track railway from Yingtan to Fuzhou and then to Xiangshan, a modern mine, a chemical plant producing yellow cakes, and a medium-sized separation smelter for lead-zinc-copper mines, several The fronts are advancing side by side, and your Ministry of Heavy Industry has planned a lot."
The two continued to stay in the supercomputing center for a while, mainly because Li Siguang and Tang Hua were worried about the running of the program and wanted to stare at it for half an hour before leaving.
Tang Hua: "This is a plan I proposed at the meeting of the State Planning Commission last year. Not only the Ministry of Heavy Industry participated, but also the Ministry of Railways, the Ministry of Communications and the Ministry of Construction. This must be coordinated by the State Planning Commission .”
"I heard from Soviet experts that after the uranium mine is built, it can provide the Soviet Union with 300 tons of yellow cake every year, and can manufacture 100 atomic bombs. If we also divert a little yellow cake from the uranium mine for our own use..."
Tang Hua: "Minister Li, the maximum production capacity we plan for the mine and chemical plant is 600 tons of yellow cake per year. If we carry out technological transformation, or just work overtime, the production capacity can even be increased."
"Then I'm relieved," Li Siguang said, "The project can be fully launched and will be useful to the country in the future, so the Land Rover will not be sacrificed in vain."
Tang Hua couldn't help laughing when he thought of the almost dilapidated Land Rover when Li Siguang came back last year.
Li Siguang: "Later I found Rong Yiren and wanted to give him the car money, but Mr. Rong refused to accept anything."
"With the wealth of Boss Rong, how could he care about a Land Rover. After you drove the Land Rover, I actually ordered two cars abroad, and it took three months to get them back to China. I wanted to return one of them to Boss Rong. Neither."
Li Siguang: "The discovery of the big uranium mine has not been disclosed to the public, and Mr. Rong doesn't know about it. I can't even mention it when I teach my students. Now I know that what you said to me before is 'suppressed with secrets'" What did you feel?"
Tang Hua smiled: "I'm better than you. When the whole department is doing the same secret work, there's no need to hold back the conversation."
……
Americans are not interested in Li Siguang's secret for the time being.
Tang Hua's secrets, Britain and the United States are interested.
"The upper echelon finally realized that the Chinese and Russians may have surpassed us in some technical fields, and it has surpassed us by a considerable distance. And the officials finally realized that the pursuit of scientists alone may not be able to bridge this distance in a short time .”
Berlin, MI[-] safe house.The head of the Berlin intelligence station, John Malkovich, is explaining the task to his agents.
"What an ironic fact. I had never been to Soviet and Eastern countries before coming to Berlin. After working in the United States for three years, I could see that the Soviet Union must have surpassed the United States in this field. KGB agents infiltrated all industries, and they tried to steal They want to steal information about the atomic bomb, they want to steal information about supersonic aircraft, they want to steal information about nuclear submarines, they want to steal information about tanks, they even want to steal the technology of cars, electric ovens and stocking knitting machines! But they never send people to IBM, Raytheon Minton Rand to steal computer technology. What does that mean? . . . what does that mean? Hey! Rowan. Rowan Atkinson Binn! What's on your mind?"
"..."
Intelligence agent Rowan Atkinson Bean, who was drowsy and about to take a nap, woke up with a jerk, and then looked at Malkovich blankly.
"According to the UKUSA agreement, MI6 accepted a secret mission from the Americans, and now I give it to you." Markovich said, "Go and steal a computer and bring it back to Berlin."
……
In the dark night, on the road from Berlin to Dresden, Binn's bright yellow mini car was speeding all the way.
"In the Soviet Union, Germany, and all countries in the socialist camp, their computers have special security. It is indeed not simple."
Binn's assistant, Ben Miller, was in the co-pilot's seat, and while guiding the way, he introduced the mission details to Binn.
"Generally, the rooms where the computers are kept have to be entered and exited with permission, and there are guards at all times. In the Soviet Union it was the police of the Ministry of the Interior, in East Germany it was the Stasi secret police. There were at least 4 secret police during the day At the scene, there are also 2 people patrolling at night. There are irregular police patrols outside the building and on the campus. If many rooms in a whole building are equipped with computers, such as government departments, then the security level will be multiplied by 10 times. But MI6 The system has found a few weak places. This time we are going to Dresden Technical University, there is a computer there, and there is good news: we have an internal assistant at Dresden Technical University."
The two sneaked into the Dresden Polytechnic Institute, and Binn, who was walking in front, suddenly stopped, his expression becoming particularly exaggerated.Ben Miller stopped too.