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Then let Huawei's R&D department start its old business - program-controlled telephone switches.
Now in the telephone system of various cities in China, there are some step-by-step switches in big cities, and manual (meat) switches in small cities-relying on the operator to pull and plug the plug.
Pick up the phone and say "Hello, pick me up Ma Bangde, the county magistrate" into the microphone first, this is the manual switchboard.The operator looked at a large board in front of him, um, the hole where Ma Bond was written had already been plugged with a wire.The operator replied, "Come back to Mr. Huang, County Magistrate Ma is on the phone." This is called a busy line.
Huang Silang asked again, "Who is Magistrate Ma talking to?" The operator who was bribed replied, "Master Huang, Magistrate Ma is talking to the fourth bandit in the mountains." This is the poor security of the manual switchboard.
The step-by-step switchboard can be dialed.The user dials the dial of the telephone, dials it, and there is a click, click, click in the switchboard room. The large cabinet composed of selectors and relays can be moved and positioned along the vertical and horizontal coordinates. The connection position can automatically connect the telephone line between the calling and called users without manual operation.
In a medium-sized city, the exchange machine room with thousands of telephones is more than 100 square meters, filled with switch cabinets, and each cabinet is fully equipped with electromechanical parts. Program-controlled telephone exchanges are much more expensive.
Since the Bureau of Electronics Industry has long been upgraded to the Bureau of Electronics and Information Industry, the telephone exchange technology must also be in charge.
Speaking of which, no step-by-step switches have been produced in China so far. The factory company under the Electronic Information Industry Bureau theoretically has the technical ability to produce step-by-step switches, but Tang Hua does not plan to set up a factory to manufacture such painful switches. Expensive, unreliable, and limited expansion capacity.This must be done in one step, on the program-controlled exchange.Before the program-controlled switches came out, imported goods were used to support them. Anyway, in the first two or three years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, cities across the country had not yet begun to expand rapidly, and many cities had not even used up the maximum number of existing old switches.
……
"Oh, this is a military walkie-talkie, right? I think this is what the volunteer soldiers are holding."
Li Siguang tried out the DJ-50 walkie-talkie, pressed the switch, and turned the knob, looking very satisfied.
"I have used American walkie-talkies abroad. They are bulky and expensive. Now we have made them ourselves, and we can hold them in our hands. It's amazing."
Tang Hua: "This kind of walkie-talkie was first given priority to the volunteer army. Now the supply of military supplies can be fully met, and it will gradually be used by local departments in the future. Your exploration team will be active in the mountains for a long time. It is much more convenient to have a walkie-talkie."
The mineral exploration equipment and radiation detection equipment purchased from the Soviet Union were shipped from Dalian to Shanghai. Members of the exploration team formed by Li Siguang also gathered in Shanghai. After receiving the equipment, they set off from Shanghai to Hangzhou and then took the Zhejiang-Jiangxi line to Jiangxi.
Tang Hua met Li Siguang once in Beijing, and saw Li Siguang again in Shanghai less than a month later.Tang Hua also admired Minister Li's efficiency when the exploration team was formed so quickly and was ready to go.Before leaving for Jiangxi, Tang Hua bought two large boxes of walkie-talkies for Li Siguang, enough for each three-person team of the exploration team to equip one.
"With the founding of New China, all the ingenuity and wisdom of our Chinese people burst out at once. The country's construction is progressing rapidly, and we geologists can't hold back." Li Siguang was not willing to put down the DJ-50 in his hand. "China is so big, underground The mineral deposits must be found quickly to supply China's industrialization process."
Tang Hua: "Minister Li, you mentioned the New China Tectonic System at the recent conference. I read that conference paper."
"Mr. Tang, you really read all the papers... Yes, the system of three subsidence zones and three uplift zones. Huang Jiqing and I have established some theories since three years ago, and it has almost taken shape now. Yes. But there is still a lack of more detailed exploration data in some areas. The Ministry of Geology should be able to complete a new round of survey this year. At that time, the data will be more substantial. In fact, this trip to Jiangxi, the data of uranium exploration can also supplement part of this. The data foundation of the construction system."
Tang Hua: "That's a lot of hard work for Minister Li."
"We are engaged in geology. These are the norms. Let's think of it as field tourism." Li Siguang said, "Riding a horse among the mountains and mountains, one day or two days, and several days have not stepped out of a terrain area. At that time You can feel how big the country really is.”
Tang Hua's attention was shifted to another place. "What? Minister Li, you are 64 years old, you can go to field exploration, but you still want to ride a horse?"
……
"Boss Rong?" From the living room on the first floor of the house to the second floor, Tang Hua picked up the phone and dialed, "...Is that so, I heard you took a Land Rover? Lend me for it."
"This is Mr. Li Siguang, Minister of Geology."
"Hello, Minister Li." Rong Yiren drove his Land Rover series 1 downstairs to Tang Hua, and when he entered, he saw Tang Hua and Li Siguang chatting in the living room.
"Minister Li is the backbone of the old Tongmenghui. During the Wuchang Uprising, he was the Minister of Industry of the Hubei Military Government. He has a doctorate from the University of Birmingham and an academician of the Academia Sinica," Tang Hua said. "He is a veteran figure in the scientific and political circles. Now he has done The minister is still doing everything by himself, and will lead a team to Jiangxi for exploration in two days. Minister Li is over 60, and riding a horse is too much trouble, so I ask you to borrow a car with better off-road performance."
"Don't talk about borrowing such a small thing as a car. You don't have to return it." Rong Yiren said, "Although the horsepower of this Land Rover is similar to that of an American Jeep, the seat is much more comfortable. Minister Li is getting older, so this car is really suitable."
Tang Hua: "It still has to be counted as a loan. In this way, I will buy two Land Rovers from Hong Kong and return them to you in two months. Minister Li does not need to cherish this car, and let the driver go straight if there is no road. In short, if you can walk less, you will be less Walk."
Buy two, return one to Rong Yiren, and use one to Tang Hua himself...
Chapter 13, the first five of the shipbuilding industry
Shanghai Hudong Shipyard.
The day Tang Hua arrived at Hudong Shipyard was also the last day that the name Hudong Shipyard was used.From tomorrow—January 1953, 1, Hudong Shipyard will be renamed Hudong Zhonghua Shipyard.
The name change was due to the merger of Hudong Shipyard and Zhonghua Shipyard (Shanghai Dazhonghua Shipbuilding Machinery Factory).
The history of Hudong Factory can be traced back to the Laici foreign company during the Westernization Movement. In 1928, it opened the Mahle Machine Shipyard and set foot in the shipbuilding business.During the Japanese occupation period, after Japan declared war on Britain, Japan swallowed up the Mahler Machinery Shipyard under the name of Mahler in the United Kingdom, renamed it "Mitsui Shipbuilding Works", and became one of Japan's important arsenals in China.
Zhonghua Shipyard, formerly known as Dazhonghua Shipbuilding Machinery Factory, was established in 1926. During the Republic of China, it built the first icebreaker "Tianxing" in China, but there have been no bright spots since then.
In the original history, Hudong Shipyard and Zhonghua Shipyard existed side by side until the end of the 20th century when they merged into one.
Tang Hua let the two shipyards merge more than 40 years ahead of schedule in order to reorganize Shanghai's shipbuilding industry.Both Hudong and Zhonghua shipyards are now particularly stretched. Both technical personnel and shipbuilding hardware cannot meet the requirements. Mergers can develop faster.
The Hudong Shipyard or the Mahler Machine Shipyard was retaken by the British Mahler after Japan surrendered, but Mahler gave up the business in Shanghai and moved to Hong Kong for development. The Mahle factory was run by shipyard workers before liberation. Autonomous operation.Shortly after the liberation, the Korean War broke out, and it started directly. British assets in China were not polite, they were confiscated directly, and became the state-owned Hudong Shipyard. 2
The Shanghai Dazhong Shipbuilding Machinery Factory was not foreign-funded and had no support from foreigners. From 45 to 49, it not only failed to develop but also regressed.The owner of the factory, Yang Junsheng, was very difficult to manage. After the liberation, Yang Junsheng took the initiative to call on the leaders of the Shanghai Military Control Commission, hoping that the state would take over the factory. Therefore, Zhonghua Shipyard belonged to the state-owned company earlier than Hudong.
The workshop conditions of MAHLE/Hudong are relatively good, but they focus on ship repairing.The former business of Zhonghua Factory was mainly to build new ships, but it declined too much in the last few years of the Republic of China.
The merger of the two factories, the combination of technicians and engineers, can quickly integrate a team that can meet the needs of frigate construction.With another two years of hard work, it should be possible to build improved frigates based on existing prototypes.
Cheng Wang, director of the Shipbuilding Industry Bureau, met him last year, but it was the first time Tang Hua, the former owner of the Zhonghua Factory, met Yang Junsheng.
"Hello, Mr. Yang." Tang Hua shook hands with the shipbuilding industrialist.
"It's the factory director, the factory director. Director Tang should call me Factory Director Yang."
Yang Junsheng used to be the director of Jiangnan Shipyard. After being squeezed out, he raised funds to open the Great China Shipbuilding Machinery Factory. The director of the factory is still Yang Junsheng. 1
……
"Dalian and Shanghai are the two major bases of the shipbuilding industry in the future. Below the bases are large pillar shipyards. There are currently five key shipyards existing and planned: Wuhan Shipyard, Shanghai Jiangnan Factory, Shanghai Hudong Zhonghua, Dalian Factory One and Factory Two in Dalian."
Shanghai Shipbuilding Planning Conference of the Bureau of Shipbuilding Industry.
Before Tang Hua talked about the First Five-Year Plan of Shanghai Shipbuilding Enterprises, the National Plan of the Shipbuilding Industry Bureau had to be summarized first.
"For the next 5 to 10 years, the focus of Wuhan Shipyard is on submarines and special ships; the focus of Shanghai Jiangnan Factory and Shanghai Hudong Zhonghua is on surface ships, military auxiliary ships and civilian ships; the first and second factories of Dalian have to wait for the Soviet Union. After the transfer to Luda Base, after the completion of the transfer, the focus of Dalian No. 500 Plant is on surface ships and civilian ships, and the focus of Dalian No. 500 Plant is on special submarines and special ships. The surface ships mentioned here refer to warships over 5 tons. Those under [-] tons For small boats, our key shipyards can undertake part of the design and construction work in the first five years, but then this business should be gradually handed over to the next-level small and medium-sized shipyards.”
"Supporting manufacturers of shipyards, Dalian No. 1 and No. [-] plants rely on Harbin Boiler Works and Harbin Steam Turbine Works, Fularji Special Steel, Angang Steel and Fushun Iron and Steel, Harbin Instrument Factory, Jilin and Shenyang Cable Factory, Harbin Bearing Factory, Behind these factories is the Northeast Industrial Zone. The Wuhan Shipyard and Shanghai’s two shipyards rely on the Yangtze River Industrial Zone. At present, the heavy industry system in the Yangtze River Industrial Zone is not as complete as that in the Northeast. Now the ready-made manufacturers that can be determined are concentrated in instruments, There are two aspects of cables. In terms of heavy equipment, Wuhan Iron and Steel is under planning and construction. Fortunately, this plant includes ordinary marine steel and special marine steel, and will even include non-ferrous metal smelting and processing in the future. In addition, Shanghai Diesel Engine Factory is undergoing technological transformation. According to the current draft of the First Five-Year Plan, the transformation and upgrading of Shanghai Diesel will be completed almost simultaneously with the newly built WISCO.”[-]
Cheng Wang: "In the general plan, the supporting power plants of Dalian No. 01 Plant and Dalian No. 01 Plant are steam turbine systems, and the supporting power plants of Shanghai are diesel engine systems. The surface ships built by the two major shipbuilding bases in the north and the south in the future plan to build steam turbines in the north. The destroyer, the remodeled cruiser Chongqing, and the Type [-] frigate built in the south, but where are the steam turbines of the Type [-] frigate imitated?"
"After assembling and imitating the construction of the Type 01 frigate, the next generation of frigates is expected to use medium and high-speed diesel engines as the main power system. As for the division of north drive and south protection, it is divided in this way during the implementation of the first five-year plan. II There may be more changes in the Five Plans, but the main engine of the ship, as a key special machinery, can be transported across regions. If necessary, we will transport the steam turbine from the northeast to the Shanghai landing stage. As for the future, "Tang Hua Said, "There will be a new style of ship power system, and the Ministry of Heavy Industry will also make a new overall plan at that time." 2
Cheng Wang: "According to the general outline of the First Five-Year Plan, Jiangnan Factory and Hudong Zhonghua Factory focused on the assembly and construction of Type 01 frigates in 1953 and 1954. By assembling and building frigates, they built a modern shipbuilding team in the shipyard, and at the same time thoroughly understood Ship structure, the ability to master the overall design and subsystem design. The 4 Type 01 frigates were assembled by Jiangnan Factory and Hudong Zhonghua Factory, and 2 ships were assembled by the Shanghai Ship Design Institute. The installation plan of the ship missile, the hull and the overall design team were assigned to two shipyards to follow up the assembly and construction process of the Type 01 frigate. After the construction was completed, the comrades of the ship design institute returned to start the trial design of the domestic frigate. "01
Tang Hua: "Shanghai Ship Design Institute has already done the missile transformation plan of the Hua-class frigate and coastal defense ship, and the navy has received the three warships after receiving good evaluations. Now their design experience is not zero. The hull and overall design The team followed up on the assembly and construction of the frigate, and started the design of the frigate to some extent in parallel. After all, the complete set of drawings of the Type 3 had already been shipped to Shanghai. Comrades from Shanghai Ship Design Institute followed up on the assembly and construction for a period of time , can gather together regularly, hold engineering design seminars and experience exchange meetings, and return to the shipyard to work after the meeting. Anyway, the research institute and shipyard are both in Shanghai, not far away.”
Cheng Wang: "Yes....By the way, they have also done the design of converting torpedo boats into missile speedboats. Now the design drawings have been officially finalized, and they are preparing to build the second batch of missile speedboats in batches."
……
Type 01 frigate, which is the Soviet Type 50 "Riga" class.
With a length of 103 meters and a full load displacement of 1400 tons, it is a standard artillery frigate at the level of the late 40s.
What Tang Hua values most is the speed of the "Riga" class, powered by 21000-horsepower steam turbines, with a maximum speed of 28 knots. Now, among the various frigates and coastal defense ships equipped by the navy, none of them has a speed of more than 20 knots.The two Hua-class frigates that have just finished modifying anti-ship missiles have a measured top speed of 14.5 knots...